The+African+American+Experience

= =

=// T h e A f r i c a n A m e r i c a n E x p e r i e n c e  //= **Thesis:** While the 1920's and 1950's were marked with success in terms of new technology, a booming economy, and the evolution of music, African Americans did not enjoy the same kind of success. **__Segregation was still a huge issue__**, especially with lynching still being very prevalent in the south and the KKK again rising to power. This brought up the divisive issue of black rights in both the the 1920's and 1950's. However, while this issue was divisive for the nation as a whole, it helped to **__bring African Americans together__** through unifying events such as the Harlem Renaissance and the Montgomery Bus Boycott.



//**The Culture: The Harlem Renaissance**//


 * Harlem: The Black Mecca**
 * Housing executives started building large neighborhoods in Harlem to attract middle-class white citizens who could commute to the city
 * Housing developed faster than transportation could allow workers to commute
 * As a result, white landlords started selling to black real estate agents and renting to black tenants
 * Meanwhile, the re-development of mid-town pushed many African Americans away from the city and to Harlem
 * Soon, Harlem became home to many blacks and earned the nicknames "The Black Mecca" and "The Capital of Black America"


 * Hub of Culture:**
 * With the large black population present in Harlem, it provided for great artistic minds to collaborate
 * There was an explosion of black culture in Harlem for artists, poets, authors, musicians, and the like


 * Immediate Effects:**
 * Lacking the power to fight a political power for equal rights, blacks focused on developing their culture and let their art speak for themselves
 * Black art, music, and literature was introduced to society on a grand level for the first time and opened eyes as to the ability and tale nts of African Americans, helping to make their case for equality and questioning the idea that blacks were inferior to whites
 * At the same time, the Harlem Renaissance also gave African Americans a better sense of their own culture and promoted black nationalism and a strong cultural identity

media type="youtube" key="qDQpZT3GhDg?rel=0" height="312" width="384" align="left" media type="youtube" key="9idqeiACqn4?rel=0" height="312" width="384"


 * Long Lasting Effects:**
 * The roots of black nationalism can be traced back to the Harlem Renaissance and the development there greatly influenced the black power movements of the modern civil rights movement as well as organizations such as the Black Panther Party
 * The music developed by African american Artists has paved the way for further evolutions of different genres of music popularized by African Americans today such as rhythm and blues, hip hop, and rap.

media type="youtube" key="sMsYg_tACZQ?rel=0" height="312" width="384" align="center"

=**// The People: //**=

> numerous short stories, and several essays, articles and plays.
 * **Key Figure ** || **Background ** || **Goals & Tactics ** ||
 * Langston Hughes [[image:AAE5.jpg width="164" height="170"]] || * Hughes was a famous poet of the Harlem Renaissance
 * He was influenced by Walt Whitman and Carl Sandberg
 * His more famous poems include "I Dream a World", "I, Too", and "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" || * Hughes used his poetry to convey the huge racial issues he viewed in America
 * His autobiography, “The Big Sea”, also catalogues much of the Harlem Renaissance and has provided us with much information about the movement ||
 * Zora Neale Hurst on [[image:AAE4.jpg width="134" height="199"]] || * Hurston was a successful, talented author noted for her intellect and sense of humor that emerged from the Harlem Renaissance
 * Her works include four novels, two books of folklore, an autobiography,
 * Her most famous work was //Their Eyes Were Watching God// || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Hurston befriended Hughes during the renaissance
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">She always used her apartment as an “open house” to other artists of the Harlem Renaissance
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Later in her life, Hurston sought to establish <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">"a cemetery for the illustrious Negro dead" on 100 acres of land in Florida. ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Marcus Garvey [[image:AAE6.jpg width="148" height="213"]] || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Garvey was a Jamaican immigrant who brought his unique ideas for the fight for racial equality to Harlem || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Founded United Negro Improvement Association(UNIA)
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Advocated individualism ,black nationalism, and racial pride
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Garvey supported black separatism and a back-to-Africa movement ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">W.E.B. DuBois [[image:AAE7.jpg width="163" height="174"]] || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">DuBois was an African American leader
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">His debates over the proper way to fight racial inequality with Booker T Washington are well-known
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">DuBois was a distinguished scholar and writer || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">DuBois advocated immediate social and political rights as opposed to economic independence first as suggested by Washington
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">DuBois believed that the intellectuals and leaders of the African Americans(“The Talented Tenth”) could lead blacks to equality ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Duke Ellington [[image:AAE3.jpg width="267" height="140"]] || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Ellington was more than just a musician, he was a gifted piano player, composer, and arranger
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Ellington helped spur the Jazz age and was a musical force unlike many had seen or heard before || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Ellington was a central character in the Harlem Renaissance, helping to develop a cultural identity for African Americans ||

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center; word-spacing: 0px;">** I, Too **

I, too, sing America.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0000ff; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> I am the darker brother. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0000ff; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> They send me to eat in the kitchen <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0000ff; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> When company comes, <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0000ff; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> But I laugh, <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0000ff; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> And eat well, <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0000ff; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> And grow strong.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> Tomorrow, <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> I'll be at the table <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;">When company comes. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> Nobody'll dare <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> Say to me, <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> "Eat in the kitchen," <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0000; display: block; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"> Then.

Besides, They'll see how beautiful I am And be ashamed--

I, too, am America.

<span style="color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: normal; text-align: center;">-Langston Hughes



<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #800080; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">//**The Obstacles**// : While the Harlem Renaissance did mark a huge turning point in the struggle for black rights, there were still numerable injustices and obstacles in the faces of African Americans

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ffbd00; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; vertical-align: baseline;">//** Ku Klux Klan: **//
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">In the 1920's the KKK resurfaced, and stronger than ever
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">This time the KKK had branches in the mid-west and north that were as strong as those in the south
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The KKK would terrorize many blacks through tactics such as lynching, tar and feathering, whipping, burning down homes, and vigilante justice



//**<span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13pt; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Lynching & Jim Crow Laws: **//
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">While the KKK resurfaced, lynching and Jim Crow Laws never really left
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Jim Crow laws continued segregation throughout the south
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Lynching, while it had decreased since the highs of the 1890's, was still a large factor with almost 500 blacks a year being lynched in the 1920's
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The NAACP fought for much of the 1920's and beyond to get an anti-lynching bill passed, but every tme their best efforts were met with government resistance





<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #00ff19; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Overview: The still-existing racial discrimination and injustice in America was finally starting to be brought to the forefront of America in the 1950's. As African Americans started to more actively demand equal rights, black rights suddenly became a pressing issue in society and the modern civil rights movement was on the verge of erupting. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Timeline: || > > || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">﻿ || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The “Little Rock Nine” begins there first day at school where Eisenhower must eventually call in the national guard to forcibly integrate the school ||
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; vertical-align: baseline;">** Date ** || **<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Event **
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">May 17, 1954 [[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/P3GnLY6fYNhSp8sbLgRayX4Ynw3HfRN5QmuwaUg4PnbI54UGIzSYKPEzM1DxO0EWVEKjU7wQaSC7pWhlfRII0bPOKjeFoogszCMmpdmIq3TSt8J9Kw]] || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Brown vs Board of Education
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The SC overturns the ruling of Plessy Vs. Ferguson and the idea of “separate but equal”
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The SC calls for the integration of schools
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">August 1955 || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Emmett Till’s is brutally murdered by two white men who are later acquitted by an all-white jury ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">December 1, 1955 [[image:https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/HJG1sJQxq0kBXkgfYJIRR65EaDPeK-ri4Ioi8X6awKXWCjjmQ9n4ySMAFGaYwevu6EjfRc-YWhfzrYiffblERj-RbqZAjMM2CeEmG10j1_PNQnyGvw]] || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Rosa Parks refuses to give her seat up on a bus and the Montgomery Bus Boycott is born ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">September 1957

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The People: > || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Rosa Parks continued her efforts in the Montgomery Boycott along side MLK > > || > > || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Also advocated non-violent measures and the practice of civil disobedience > > || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">One of the Little Rock Nine > > || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Minnijean displayed bravery in her attending of LRCH and was one of the first black students to help desegregate a school > ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Key Figure || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Background || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Goals&Tactics ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Rosa Parks [[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/kPjw0BDpGqaLBDPr0wbrHfiqkx1vkUDOka4QIgUAlmBlNirrl5AbMJtayKIlDGDK2ZbPbTRL3swTglUOcKqhy_O8s-j3XrrbXfLrl3e9oXekzjzDxQ]] || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Parks is best known for refusing to give up her seat on a Montgomery Bus
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Parks used non-violence and the practice of civil disobedience to fight for equality
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Martin Luther King Jr. [[image:https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/XCV4zzR13mZ3xpmuqSQP6job5_Q7nLujglPUUkD-OgiUmq4Kr8bErcrtOUlzYwoDYGdhdEgc7uhoRzW592srrkW2PY_t-Ryp9aTlmhAiBSzCOFzH9w width="275" height="367"]] || * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Got involved in the Civil Rights Movement by leading the Montgomery Bus Boycott
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference(SCLC)
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">His organization, the SCLC helped to organize many sit-ins at segregated libraries, restaurants, pools, etc.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin: 0pt 1pt; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Minnijean Brown
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 13pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; list-style-type: disc; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-right: 1pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Is well-known for dumping her chili on the head of a white boy who was bullying her at Little Rock Central High

media type="youtube" key="SQU4torUz-Q?fs=1" height="351" width="432" align="center"